Google在1月22日宣佈，對行動版內容優先索引指南作出了更新，在爬取網站、結構化資料、網頁內容上添加了新的準則。
甚麼是行動版內容優先索引(Mobile-first indexing)？
以往Google抓取、索引和排名的主要對象是桌面版的網頁，但由於行動裝置普及，人們更常使用手機來上網搜尋資訊，假如搜尋結果顯示的是桌面版網頁，對行動裝置用戶不友善。因此Google推出行動版內容優先索引，令Googlebot的抓取和索引改為以行動版網頁為優先。
而行動版內容優先索引指南則為網站開發者們提供行動版內容優先索引的說明、準則和建議，幫助他們對網站實施更全面的SEO。下面為大家帶來新內容的摘要：
爬行
「nofollow」和「noindex」是HTML頁面中a標簽的屬性值。「nofollow」的作用是告訴搜尋引擎不要追蹤此頁面上的鏈結或不要追蹤此特定鏈結；而「noindex」則是向搜尋引擎聲明該網頁禁止被索引收錄。
指南新增了標題為「確保Googlebot可以訪問和呈交您的內容」的段落，當中建議開發人員在桌面版行動版網站上使用相同的meta rebots標籤，這對於noindex和nofollow屬性尤其重要，讓Google可以抓取到正確的網頁內容。
另外，延遲加載(lazy load)是要經用戶交互才執行數據加載的操作，例如點擊、輸入或滑動。而Googlebot不會加載這類內容，因此無法進行抓取。指南中表明不鼓勵延遲加載主要的網頁內容，以免妨礙搜尋引擎抓取網頁內重要的內容，否則會對SEO和SEO排名產生負面影響。
行動版和桌面版網站內容相同
Google建議桌面版和行動版網站中主要內容維持相同，但新增了一項警告：
如果桌面版和行動版網站使用不同的圖像URL，當網站過渡到行動版內容優先索引時，可能會出現暫時性的圖像流量損失。這是由於行動版網站上的圖像URLs是Google新索引，新的圖像網址需要一段時間才能獲得足夠的搜尋歷史來獲得更好的排名。臨時的圖像流量缺失有機會引致網頁的SEO排名下跌，要避免上述情況，可以在兩個版本的網站上使用相同的圖像URL。
獨立網址的最佳做法
Google在「獨立網址的其他最佳做法」一節中亦添加了新的要點。
首先，應避免在行動版網站上使用fragment URLs。URL的fragment部分出現在URL的結尾，並用井號(#)表示。fragment URLs通常用於引用頁面中的某個部分。大多數情況下，fragment URLs不能夠被搜尋引擎索引。網站啟用行動版內容優先索引後，使用fragment URLs的頁面將會從索引中遺失。
另外，桌面版網頁上不同的頁面都應具備相應的行動版本。當網站切換到行動版內容優先索引後，如果沒有將桌面版URL重新定向到行動版，這些頁面將會從索引中消失。
對SEO有何影響？
網站依照指南進行優化，有助於網站內容能夠被搜尋引擎更好的爬取，從而獲得更高的SEO排名。行動版內容優先索引已是大勢所趨，我們應確保桌面版和行動版的網頁都得到正確的維護，令用戶使用任何一種設備都能有優質的瀏覽體驗，從而使網站在SEO排名上更具競爭力。
您的網站又有沒有因應行動版內容優先索引指南進行優化？向專業的SEO優化公司查詢吧！
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